Balls+With+Friction

Lab: BALLS WITH FRICTION

By: Jordan and Danielle

 __Materials you will need ____: __ · Assortment of different kinds of balls (we used a tennis ball, foam yellow softball, and a big red marble ball) · Ramp · Note cards · Tape · Camera · Loggerpro · An object to put the ramp on

__Goal: __

Compare the differences in friction a ball exerts when sliding opposed to rolling

__Procedure ____: __

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">To find out the difference in friction between the rolling and sliding three different kinds of balls start by taking data for rolling and sliding the balls down a ramp. Set the ramp up on a table (we used a .96 meter high and a 2 meter ramp creating a 63 degree slope. This will be the ramp for all six of your trials. Next we roll each of the balls down the ramp (one at a time) and record all of the trials on your video camera, they will be further analyzed on Loggerpro. After all three balls are accounted for, next you must take data for the same balls sliding down the same ramp, using the material they are made out of. To test this coefficient of friction, you must attach cone shaped note cards to the ball to keep them from rolling, the paper will simply act as a guard. After taking all six videos, uploaded them onto Loggerpro where you will further analyze them. On Loggerpro download the movies you took onto the screen and set to the time at which the ball starts rolling. Make dots at every snapshot for all six of the movies. Once all of the pictures are completed, the graph that is displayed next to them has all of the data that you need to get how much friction each ball produces. First, you must find the time it took for each ball to slide and roll down the ramp. After you find the time use the equation <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Acceleration= delta d / delta t2 x. <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5 to solve for the acceleration (answer in m/s2). Once you have the acceleration, use the equation <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Acceleration= Fnet/mass <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">to solve for the fnet (answer in joules). And <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Force of Friction Ff = Parallel – Fnet which is the same as Ff=mass x 9.8 x sin (theta) – mass x acceleration <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">to find the force of friction (answer in joules). Once you have all of this data, all you have to do to find the difference in force of friction in rolling and sliding is subtract the frictional force of rolling by the sliding and get your difference in terms of joules.

__<span style="color: blue; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 115%;">Data __<span style="color: blue; font-family: 'Cambria','serif';">:

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Masses: <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Tennis ball 57 g or .057kg <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Red marble 56g or .056kg <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Yellow softball 44g or .044kg

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Acceleration: <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Equation: Acceleration= delta d / delta t2 x .5 <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Tennis ball sliding=2.63 m/s2 <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Tennis ball rolling=3.11 m/s2 <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Red marble sliding=2.9371 m/s2 <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Red marble rolling=3.30759 m/s2 <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Yellow foam softball sliding= 2.26129 m/s2 <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Yellow foam softball rolling = 3.30579 m/s2

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Fnet: <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Acceleration= Fnet/mass <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Tennis ball sliding =149.91 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Tennis ball rolling =164.478 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Red marble sliding =164.478 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Red marble rolling =185.225 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Yellow foam softball sliding =145.534 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Yellow foam softball rolling =24.142 J

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Force of Friction Ff = Parallel – Fnet which is the same as Ff=mass x 9.8 x sin (theta) – mass x acceleration: <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Tennis ball sliding =347.806 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Tennis ball rolling =320.446 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Red marble sliding =324.506 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Red marble rolling =303.759 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Yellow foam softball sliding =238.668 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Yellow foam softball rolling =360.06 J

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Differences in Friction: <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Ff without – Ff with <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Tennis ball=27.36 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Red Ball=20.747 J <span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Yellow Foam Softball=121.392 J

<span style="color: #7030a0; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 20pt; line-height: 115%;">__Conclusion:__

<span style="font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Throughout our experiments, we were able to find the differences in frictional force between rolling and sliding three different kinds of balls on the same inclined ramp. After a series of equations and hard work we were able to conclude that the yellow foam softball by far, had the greatest difference in frictional force from rolling to sliding due to its exterior surface. When we first started the project we predicted that the yellow foam softball would have the greatest difference in friction. After running a series of experiments, our data proved our predictions true! A couple errors we came across were the accuracy of our movies. Instead of a person filming them, we should have used a tri-pod which would have kept the camera completely still and more accurate. Another difficulty we had was on Loggerpro, to get the dots on the exact same spot of the ball every time was a little tricky and very time consuming for six different trials. If we were given more time, a couple things we could do differently would be to use the tripod, accurately dot the Loggerpro movies and find a more detailed way to display the information on the wiki; including all of the movie graphs from Loggerpro to show the dotting happening at the push of a button. Overall, the data we took and analyzed exemplifies our knowledge of concepts we have learned throughout the year and shows that there is physics involved in anything as simple as sliding and rolling different kinds of toy balls.